Short communicationPlatelet reactivity is higher in e-cigarette vaping as compared to traditional smoking
Introduction
E-cigarettes are a common form of nicotine consumption among U.S. adolescents. However, ambiguity exists regarding the impact of vaping versus traditional smoking on cardiovascular risk. Recent studies observed augmented blood pressure, aortic stiffness, inflammatory markers and oxidative stress similar to traditional smoking [1], [2]. Enhanced platelet reactivity in traditional smoking is a major driver of enhanced ischemic events like acute myocardial infarction and stroke [3]. Both traditional smoking of one cigarette or vaping an equal nicotine concentration immediately enhances platelet reactivity [4]. However, chronic effects on platelet function under vaping remain elusive. Therefore, we conducted an explorative pilot analysis, investigating the influence of vaping on platelet reactivity, compared to standard smoking and non-smoking.
Section snippets
Methods
212 healthy individuals were enrolled: 37 non-smokers, 102 vapers and 73 smoked tobacco cigarettes. Inclusion criteria were age > 18 years and consistent smoking habit (non-smoking, tobacco, e-cigarette) for at least 1 year. Smoking habits and characteristics were assessed by questionnaire. Exclusion criteria were intake of antiplatelet medication, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and known coagulation disorders. Groups were balanced in SPSS statistics and “R” using inverse probability of
Results and discussion
Characteristics did not differ between groups after IPTW. Collagen-induced platelet aggregation was higher in vapers than non-smokers [non-smokers 52.55 ± 23.97 vs. vapers 66.63 ± 18.96 AUC; p = 0.002] or smokers [vapers 66.63 ± 18.96 vs. smokers 49.50 ± 26.05 AUC; p < 0.0001; Fig. 1A]. ADP-induced aggregation in vapers was higher compared to non-smokers [non-smokers 33.16 ± 16.61 vs. vapers 45.27 ± 18.67 AUC; p = 0.001] and smokers [vapers 45.27 ± 18.67 vs. smokers 40.09 ± 19.80 AUC; p = 0.08;
Authorship contributions
D.M., R.M., S.Z., P.M., C.H., D.Z., D.I., A.A. and S.A. designed the study, analyzed and interpreted data, collected data and wrote or revised the manuscript. R.H., T.Z., B.L., T.P., M.K., L.D. and A.P. supervised the study and revised the manuscript.
Disclosures
No conflicts of interest to disclose.
Funding source
This work was supported by the Forschungskommission of the Medical Faculty of the Heinrich Heine University (No 29-2019, to L.D., No 18-2019 to A.P.) and by the German Research Foundation (LE 940/7-1 to B.L. and PO 2247/2-1 to A.P. and SFB1116 to A.P. and B.L.).
Ethics committee approval
The study conformed to the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the University of Düsseldorf Ethics Committee.
Conflict of interest/disclosures
The authors report no conflict of interest.
Acknowledgements
None.
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(2016)Impact of tobacco versus electronic cigarette smoking on platelet function
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(2018)
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