Abstract
Peripheral artery disease is an obstructive, atherosclerotic disease of the lower extremities causing significant morbidity and mortality. Black Americans are disproportionately affected by this disease while they are also less likely to be diagnosed and promptly treated. The consequences of this disparity can be grim as Black Americans bear the burden of lower extremity amputation resulting from severe peripheral artery disease. The risk factors of peripheral artery disease and how they differentially affect certain groups are discussed in addition to a review of pharmacological and nonpharmacological treatment modalities. The purpose of this review is to highlight health care inequities and provide a review and resource of available recommendations for clinical management of all patients with peripheral artery disease.
Keywords:
amputation; atherosclerosis; ethnic group; lower extremities; risk factors.
MeSH terms
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Amputation, Surgical / statistics & numerical data
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Anticoagulants / therapeutic use
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Asian / statistics & numerical data
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Atherosclerosis / ethnology
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Black People / statistics & numerical data
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Black or African American / statistics & numerical data*
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Exercise Therapy
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Female
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Healthcare Disparities / ethnology*
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Healthcare Disparities / statistics & numerical data
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Hispanic or Latino / statistics & numerical data
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Humans
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Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / therapeutic use
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Hypertension / drug therapy
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Hypoglycemic Agents / therapeutic use
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Male
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Peripheral Arterial Disease / diagnosis
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Peripheral Arterial Disease / epidemiology
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Peripheral Arterial Disease / ethnology*
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Peripheral Arterial Disease / therapy
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Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / therapeutic use
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Racism
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Sex Distribution
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Smoking Cessation
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United States / epidemiology
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United States / ethnology
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Vascular Surgical Procedures / methods
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Vasodilator Agents / therapeutic use
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White People / statistics & numerical data
Substances
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Anticoagulants
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Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors
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Hypoglycemic Agents
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Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors
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Vasodilator Agents