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Early onset of hyperuricemia is associated with increased cardiovascular disease and mortality risk

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Abstract

Background

Hyperuricemia is associated with cardiovascular mortality, but the association of the age at hyperuricemia onset with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality is still unclear.

Objective

The purpose of this study was to examine the associations of hyperuricemia onset age with CVD and all-cause mortality.

Methods

A total of 82,219 participants free of hyperuricemia and CVD from 2006 to 2015 in the Kailuan study were included. The analysis cohort comprised 18,311 new-onset hyperuricemia patients and controls matched for age and sex from the general population. Adjusted associations were estimated using Cox models for CVD and all-cause mortality across a range of ages.

Results

There were 1,021 incident cases of CVD (including 215 myocardial infarctions, 814 strokes) and 1459 deaths during an average of 5.2 years of follow-up. Patients with hyperuricemia onset at an age < 45 years had the highest hazard ratios (HRs) (1.78 (1.14–2.78) for CVD and 1.64 (1.04–2.61) for all-cause mortality relative to controls). The HRs of CVD and all-cause mortality were 1.32 (1.05–1.65) and 1.40 (1.08–1.81) for the 45–54 years age group, 1.23 (0.97–1.56) and 1.37 (1.11 to 1.72) for the 55–64 years age group, and 1.10 (0.88–1.39) and 0.88 (0.76–1.01) for the ≥ 65 years age group, respectively.

Conclusions

The age at hyperuricemia onset was identified as an important predictor of CVD and all-cause mortality risk, and the prediction was more powerful in those with a younger age of hyperuricemia onset.

Graphic abstract

Early onset of hyperuricemia is associated with increased cardiovascular disease and mortality risk.

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Availability of data and materials

The datasets generated and/or analyzed during the current study are not publicly available, as per internal protocol, but are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

Abbreviations

CVD:

Cardiovascular disease

SUA:

Serum uric acid

MI:

Myocardial infarction

BMI:

Body mass index

eGFR:

Estimated glomerular filtration rate

FBG:

Fast blood glucose

HR:

Heart rate

LDL-C:

Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol

CKD:

Chronic kidney disease

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Acknowledgements

We thank all the survey teams of the Kailuan study group for their contribution and the study participants who contributed their information.

Author information

Author notes

  1. Lijun Li and Maoxiang Zhao are joint first authors and contributed equally to the article.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Cardiology, Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital, Medical School of Chinese PLA, 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, China

    Lijun Li, Maoxiang Zhao, Chi Wang, Sijin Zhang, Cuijuan Yun, Si Chen & Hao Xue

  2. Rheumatology Department, Kailuan General Hospital, 57 Xinhua East Road, Tangshan, 063020, Hebei, China

    Liufu Cui

  3. Department of Cardiology, Kailuan General Hospital, 57 Xinhua East Road, TangShan, 063020, Hebei, China

    Shouling Wu

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  1. Lijun Li
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Contributions

LLJ, ZMX and XH conceived and designed the study. LLJ, ZMX and WSL contributed to the statistical analysis. LLY and XH drafted the manuscript. All authors contributed to collecting data and reviewed/edited the manuscript for important intellectual content. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Hao Xue.

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Ethics approval and consent to participate

This study (ChiCTR-TNC-11001489) was conducted according to the guidelines of the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Kailuan General Hospital. All patients gave written informed consent.

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Li, L., Zhao, M., Wang, C. et al. Early onset of hyperuricemia is associated with increased cardiovascular disease and mortality risk. Clin Res Cardiol 110, 1096–1105 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00392-021-01849-4

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