Impact of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction

Am J Cardiol. 2021 Jun 15:149:47-56. doi: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2021.03.009. Epub 2021 Mar 21.

Abstract

COPD often coexists with HFpEF, but its impact on cardiovascular structure and function in HFpEF is incompletely understood. We aimed to compare cardiovascular phenotypes in patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction (HFpEF), or both. We studied 159 subjects with COPD alone (n = 48), HFpEF alone (n = 79) and HFpEF + COPD (n = 32). We used MRI and arterial tonometry to assess cardiac structure and function, thoracic aortic stiffness, and measures of body composition. Relative to participants with COPD only, those with HFpEF with or without COPD exhibited a greater prevalence of female sex and obesity, whereas those with HFpEF + COPD were more often African-American. Compared to the other groups, participants with HFpEF and COPD demonstrated a more concentric LV geometry (LV wall-cavity ratio 1.2, 95%CI: 1.1-1.3; p = 0.003), a greater LV mass (67.4, 95%CI: 60.7-74.2; p = 0.03, and LV extracellular volume (49.4, 95%CI: 40.9-57.9; p = 0.002). Patients with comorbid HFpEF + COPD also exhibited greater thoracic aortic stiffness assessed by pulse-wave velocity (11.3, 95% CI: 8.7-14.0 m/s; p = 0.004) and pulsatile load imposed by the ascending aorta as measured by aortic characteristic impedance (139 dsc; 95%CI=111-166; p = 0.005). Participants with HFpEF, with or without COPD, exhibited greater abdominal and pericardial fat, without difference in thoracic skeletal muscle size. In conclusion, individuals with co-morbid HFpEF and COPD have a greater degree of systemic large artery stiffening, LV remodeling, and LV fibrosis than those with either condition alone.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Abdominal Fat
  • Adipose Tissue
  • Aged
  • Black or African American
  • Body Composition*
  • Case-Control Studies
  • Comorbidity
  • Female
  • Fibrosis
  • Heart Failure / diagnostic imaging
  • Heart Failure / epidemiology*
  • Heart Failure / physiopathology
  • Heart Ventricles / diagnostic imaging*
  • Heart Ventricles / pathology
  • Humans
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Muscle, Skeletal
  • Obesity / epidemiology*
  • Organ Size
  • Pericardium
  • Phenotype
  • Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / epidemiology*
  • Pulsatile Flow
  • Pulse Wave Analysis
  • Sex Distribution
  • Stroke Volume
  • Vascular Stiffness / physiology*
  • Ventricular Remodeling / physiology*
  • White People