Sodium-glucose transporter-2 inhibitors for prevention and treatment of cardiorenal complications of type 2 diabetes

Dario Giugliano; Miriam Longo; Lorenzo Scappaticcio; Paola Caruso; Katherine Esposito

doi:10.1186/s12933-021-01213-w

Sodium-glucose transporter-2 inhibitors for prevention and treatment of cardiorenal complications of type 2 diabetes

Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2021 Jan 11;20(1):17. doi: 10.1186/s12933-021-01213-w.

Authors

Dario Giugliano¹, Miriam Longo², Lorenzo Scappaticcio², Paola Caruso³, Katherine Esposito⁴

Affiliations

¹ Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy. dario.giugliano@unicampania.it.
² Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy.
³ Ph.D. of Translational Medicine, Chair of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy.
⁴ Diabetes Unit, Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy.

Abstract

Hospitalization for major diabetes complications, including myocardial infarction, stroke, lower-extremity amputation, and end-stage kidney disease, is on the rise and represents a great health burden for patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D), in particular for older people. Newer glucose-lowering medications have generated some optimism on the possibility to influence the natural history of cardiorenal complications of T2D. This review summarizes work in the area of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i) treatment and prevention of cardiorenal complications in patients with T2D (major adverse cardiovascular events, hospitalization for heart failure, kidney outcomes), with a particular emphasis on the effect of age, the role of primary versus secondary prevention and the possible extension of their cardiorenal benefits to the entire class of SGLT-2i.

Keywords: Age; Class effect; Diabetic kidney disease; Heart failure; MACE; Primary and secondary prevention; SGLT-2 inhibitors; Type 2 diabetes.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Review

MeSH terms

Biomarkers / blood
Blood Glucose / drug effects*
Blood Glucose / metabolism
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / blood
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / diagnosis
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / drug therapy*
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / epidemiology
Diabetic Cardiomyopathies / diagnosis
Diabetic Cardiomyopathies / epidemiology
Diabetic Cardiomyopathies / prevention & control*
Diabetic Nephropathies / diagnosis
Diabetic Nephropathies / epidemiology
Diabetic Nephropathies / prevention & control*
Glycated Hemoglobin / metabolism
Glycemic Control* / adverse effects
Heart Failure / diagnosis
Heart Failure / epidemiology
Heart Failure / prevention & control*
Humans
Primary Prevention
Risk Assessment
Risk Factors
Secondary Prevention
Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors / adverse effects
Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors / therapeutic use*
Treatment Outcome

Substances

Biomarkers
Blood Glucose
Glycated Hemoglobin A
Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors
hemoglobin A1c protein, human