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Estimated plasma volume status in heart failure: clinical implications and future directions

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Abstract

Congestion is one of the main predictors of poor outcome in patients with heart failure (HF). Assessing and monitoring congestion is essential for optimizing HF therapy. Among the various available methods, serial measurements of estimated plasma volume (ePVS) using routine blood count and/or body weight (e.g., the Strauss, Duarte, Hakim formulas) may be useful in HF management. Further prospective study is warranted to determine whether ePVS can help optimize decongestion therapy (loop diuretics, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists, SGLT2i) in various HF settings. This narrative review summarizes the recent evidence supporting the association of ePVS with clinical congestion and outcome(s) and discusses future directions for monitoring ePVS in HF.

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Abbreviations

PV:

Plasma volume

ePVS:

Estimated plasma volume status

HF:

Heart failure

CHF:

Chronic heart failure

AHF:

Acute heart failure

ADHF:

Acutely decompensated heart failure

HFrEF:

Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction

HFpEF:

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction

HFmrEF:

Heart failure with mid-range ejection fraction

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Kobayashi, M., Girerd, N., Duarte, K. et al. Estimated plasma volume status in heart failure: clinical implications and future directions. Clin Res Cardiol 110, 1159–1172 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00392-020-01794-8

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