Comparison of electrophysiological characteristics of right- and left-sided Mahaim-type accessory pathways

J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2021 Feb;32(2):360-369. doi: 10.1111/jce.14852. Epub 2021 Jan 9.

Abstract

Aims: Mahaim-type accessory pathways (MAPs) are generally right-sided due to the embryological differentiation, but left-sided localization is also possible. This study aims to compare the clinical and electrophysiological characteristics of right- and left-sided MAPs.

Methods: Of 251 patients diagnosed with AP by electrophysiological study between November 2015 and February 2020, 12 patients with MAP were included (right sided n = 8, left sided n = 4). MAP was diagnosed if; (1) no retrograde conduction; (2) anterograde decremental conduction; (3) adenosine sensitivity; and (4) Mahaim potential at successful ablation site were present.

Results: Ten of twelve MAPs were clustered on the lateral walls of the mitral (n = 3, 75%) and tricuspid annuli (n = 7, 87.5%). Right-sided MAPs were mostly long pathways extending toward the conduction system whereas left-sided MAPs were short extending toward the neighboring myocardium. For right- and left-sided APs, the median QRS times were 129 and 156 ms (p = .042), the median VAbl -RVApex intervals were -12 and 64 ms (p = .007), the median QRS-V(His) intervals were 16 and 86 ms (p = .120), and the median VAbl -QRS interval was -8 and 12 ms (p = .017), respectively. Coexistence of dual atrioventricular node physiology was observed only in right-sided APs (n = 3, 37.5%).

Conclusion: MAPs are more typically located on the right but may rarely be seen on the left. Catheter ablation was associated with high success without complications.

Keywords: Mahaim; accessory pathway; atriofascicular; atrioventricular; decremental; left-sided.

MeSH terms

  • Accessory Atrioventricular Bundle* / surgery
  • Catheter Ablation*
  • Electrocardiography
  • Heart Conduction System / surgery
  • Humans
  • Pre-Excitation, Mahaim-Type* / surgery
  • Tachycardia, Atrioventricular Nodal Reentry* / surgery