Catheter ablation of ventricular arrhythmias in left ventricular noncompaction cardiomyopathy

Heart Rhythm. 2021 Apr;18(4):545-552. doi: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2020.12.014. Epub 2020 Dec 17.

Abstract

Background: There are limited data on ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) associated with left ventricular noncompaction (LVNC) cardiomyopathy.

Objectives: This study aims to analyze the clinical and electrocardiographic characteristics of VAs in a group of patients with LVNC.

Methods: Forty-two nonrelated patients with LVNC and VAs were included that were evaluated at the Inherited Cardiac Disease Unit of the University Hospital Virgen Arrixaca (Murcia-Spain) (ERN Guard-Heart Centre, European Reference Network for Rare and Low Prevalence Complex Diseases of the Heart).

Results: Thirteen patients (30.9%) had isolated LVNC, 27 (64.3%) had LVNC associated with dilated cardiomyopathy, and 2 (4.8%) had LVNC associated with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Among isolated LVNC individuals, 9 (69.2%) had premature ventricular complexes (PVCs)/nonsustained ventricular tachycardias (VTs), and 4 (30.8%) VTs (1 VT degenerating in ventricular fibrillation). In the dilated cardiomyopathy group, 11 (40.7%) patients had PVCs, 14 (51.9%) VTs, and 2 (7.4%) ventricular fibrillation. In the hypertrophic cardiomyopathy group, one patient had PVCs and the other VTs. Endocardial mapping and ablation were performed in 19 patients (45.2%): 7 ventricular outflow tracts (4 right ventricular outflow tract, 1 left coronary cusp, and 2 right coronary cusp), 2 in the left ventricular summit, 5 related to Purkinje potentials at the mid inferoseptal area, and 5 associated with endocardial scar localized in the basal anterolateral and inferolateral segments. Epicardial ablation was performed in 3 cases.

Conclusion: The substrate of VAs in LVNC cardiomyopathy is heterogeneous, with origin in ventricular outflow tracts, Purkinje system related, and resembling scar patterns in nonischemic cardiomyopathy.

Keywords: Arrhythmias; Cardiomyopathy; Catheter ablation; Noncompaction; Purkinje; Ventricular; Ventricular outflow tracts.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Body Surface Potential Mapping / methods*
  • Catheter Ablation / methods*
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Heart Conduction System / physiopathology*
  • Heart Ventricles / diagnostic imaging
  • Heart Ventricles / physiopathology*
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Tachycardia, Ventricular / complications
  • Tachycardia, Ventricular / physiopathology
  • Tachycardia, Ventricular / surgery*
  • Ventricular Fibrillation / etiology
  • Ventricular Fibrillation / physiopathology
  • Ventricular Fibrillation / surgery
  • Ventricular Premature Complexes / etiology
  • Ventricular Premature Complexes / physiopathology
  • Ventricular Premature Complexes / surgery*