In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between Parkinson's disease (PD) and vascular disease and risk factors using a nationally representative sample. The National Inpatient Sample was queried for all patients aged ≥65 who were diagnosed with PD during the year 2016. Patients were identified using the International Classification of Diseases-Tenth Revision (ICD-10) diagnosis code: "G20." Each patient diagnosed with PD was frequency-matched to controls at a 1:4 ratio by age and gender. Study outcomes were hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes mellitus, coronary artery disease, and stroke. Outcomes were modeled using logistic regression analysis and further validation was obtained using a propensity score-matched analysis. A total of 57,914 patients (weighted: 289,570) with PD were included. Most patients were of Caucasian race (80.8%). Females were 42.4% and the mean age was 79 years, standard error of the mean (0.03). PD correlated with lower odds for hyperlipidemia adjusted odd ratio (a-OR): 0.77 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.75 to 0.79) p <0.001, diabetes mellitus a-OR 0.73 (95% CI 0.71 to 0.75) p <0.001, hypertension a-OR 0.68 (95% CI: 0.67 to 0.70) p <0.001, coronary artery disease a-OR 0.64 (95% CI: 0.63 to 0.66) p <0.001 and higher odds for stroke a-OR: 1.27 (95% CI: 1.24 to 1.31) p <0.001. Following propensity score matching, identical findings were found. In conclusion, patients with PD have a distinct cardiovascular profile with higher rates of stroke and lower rates of coronary artery disease and vascular disease risk factors.
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