Optimal timing to measure optic nerve sheath diameter as a prognostic predictor in post-cardiac arrest patients treated with targeted temperature management

Resuscitation. 2019 Oct:143:173-179. doi: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2019.07.004. Epub 2019 Jul 12.

Abstract

Aim: We evaluated the optimal timing of optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) measurement to predict neurologic outcome in post-cardiac arrest patients treated with target temperature management (TTM).

Methods: This was a prospective single-centre observational study from April 2018 to March 2019. Good outcome was defined as the Glasgow-Pittsburgh cerebral performance categories (CPC) 1 or 2, and poor outcome as a CPC between 3 and 5. ONSD was measured initially after return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) (ONSDinitial), at 24 h (ONSD24), 48 h (ONSD48), and 72 h (ONSD72) using ultrasonography. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and DeLong method were used to compare the values for predicting neurologic outcomes.

Results: Out of the 36 patients enrolled, 18 had a good outcome. ONSD24, ONSD48, and ONSD72 were higher in the poor outcome group. The area under ROC curve of ONSD24 was 0.91 (95% confidence interval 0.77-0.98) in predicting poor neurologic outcomes. With a cut off value of 4.90 mm, ONSD24 had a sensitivity of 83.3% and a specificity of 94.4% in predicting poor neurologic outcomes.

Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate ONSD24 as a valuable tool to predict the neurologic outcome in post-cardiac arrest patients treated with TTM. Therefore, we recommend performing ONSD measurement using ultrasonography at 24 h after ROSC, rather than immediately after ROSC, to predict neurologic outcome in post-cardiac arrest patients treated with TTM.

Keywords: Cardiac arrest; Optic nerve; Prognostication.

Publication types

  • Observational Study

MeSH terms

  • Brain / diagnostic imaging
  • Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation / methods
  • Electroencephalography
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Hypothermia, Induced / methods*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Optic Nerve / diagnostic imaging*
  • Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest / diagnosis
  • Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest / physiopathology
  • Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest / therapy*
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Prospective Studies
  • ROC Curve
  • Tomography, X-Ray Computed
  • Ultrasonography / methods*