Personal Activity Intelligence (PAI): A new standard in activity tracking for obtaining a healthy cardiorespiratory fitness level and low cardiovascular risk☆
Section snippets
PAI and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk
Among individuals ranging from the general population to subgroups of patients with CVD, a PAI score ≥100 per week at baseline, an increase in PAI score, and a sustained high PAI score over time were found to delay premature death from CVD and all causes, regardless of whether or not the current PA recommendations were met.19,24,25
In a study on 19,269 men, and 20,029 women free from known CVD at baseline and followed up for 26.2 (SD 5.9) years,19 a PAI score of ≥100/week was associated with a
Linking PAI and CRF
The characteristics of the study participants used to establish the association between PAI and CRF are presented in Table 1 (for methods, see Online Supplement). The mean VO2peak was 36.0 ± 7.7 mL·kg−1·min−1 and 44.4 mL·kg−1·min−1 for women and men, respectively. In total, 55.3% achieved a ≥100 PAI score, and 7.6% of the participants (10.5% of men and 4.9% of women) were classified as inactive (0 PAI).
There was a graded positive association between PAI and VO2peak in both men and women as
Conclusions
PAI is an easily understandable and scientifically proven PA metric. If applied more broadly, it has the potential to be a useful tool to motivate people to become and stay physically active. The impact of higher PAI in reducing the risk of premature CVD and all-cause mortality, and attenuating the deleterious effects of prolonged sedentary time have been well documented in recent years. Furthermore, we observed a graded positive association between PAI and VO2peak in both men and women. These
Acknowledgments
The Nord-Trøndelag Health Study (the HUNT Study) is a collaboration between the HUNT Research Centre (Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology NTNU), the Nord-Trøndelag County Council, Central Norway Regional Health Authority and the Norwegian Institute of Public Health. We are appreciative of the participants from the HUNT study, and the management of the study for using these data.
Statement of conflict of interest
Professor Wisløff is the inventor of PAI, and scientific advisor of a company (PAI Health Inc.) that holds the IP rights for PAI that develops applications that utilize data from diverse heart rate monitors to display PAI for users. Due to the potential conflict of interest, we are thankful to Professor Sigurd Steinshamn at Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU who monitored adherence to design, and statistical analysis in the current study.
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2021, Journal of Sport and Health ScienceCitation Excerpt :There is no scientific way to match step data from different wearable devices; thus, further research is needed. Most available PA metrics (such as step count) have failed to be translated into meaningful, personal, and scientifically proven physiological measures for the mainstream user.51 The Cardiac Exercise Research Group has developed a personalized PA metric, called Personal Activity Intelligence, with the intention of making it easier to quantify how much PA per week is needed to reduce the risk of premature mortality from non-communicable diseases.51,52
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2021, The Lancet Regional Health - EuropeCitation Excerpt :Recently, an activity metric named Personal Activity Intelligence (PAI) was developed based on mechanistic interactions between physical activity and CRF [20,21]. The metric accounts for relative intensity of physical activity through %HRRs: when combined with a heart rate monitor, the metric translates individual weekly heart rates, by the means of individual resting and maximal heart rates, into a straightforward and easily applicable sex-specific and personal score [20–24]. Thus, PAI scores may be obtained while performing different combinations of physical activity options at varying intensities according to personal preferences, as long as individual heart rates are elevated above resting heart rate.
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Statement of conflict of interest: see page XX.