When the Heart Is Not to Blame: Managing Lung Disease in Adult Congenital Heart Disease

Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 2018 Sep-Oct;61(3-4):314-319. doi: 10.1016/j.pcad.2018.07.019. Epub 2018 Jul 21.

Abstract

It is well-recognized now that adult survivors with congenital heart disease (CHD) are at risk for non-cardiac co-morbidities and complications that can impact symptoms and clinical outcomes. Lung disease, in particular, is common in this population, but likely an under-recognized and undertreated cause for long-term morbidity. Abnormal lung function contributes to exercise intolerance and is associated with a higher risk for mortality in this population. The exact mechanisms that contribute to abnormal measurements of lung function are not entirely known, and are likely multifactorial and variable depending on the underlying CHD. Nevertheless, lung disease is a potentially modifiable risk factor in this patient population, the management of which may result in improved clinical outcomes. This review summarizes our current understanding of the prevalence, impact and management of lung disease in adults with CHD.

Keywords: Adult congenital heart disease; Forced vital capacity; Pulmonary; Spirometry.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Effect Modifier, Epidemiologic
  • Heart Defects, Congenital* / epidemiology
  • Heart Defects, Congenital* / physiopathology
  • Humans
  • Lung Diseases* / diagnosis
  • Lung Diseases* / epidemiology
  • Lung Diseases* / physiopathology
  • Lung Diseases* / therapy
  • Patient Care Management / methods*
  • Prevalence
  • Respiratory Function Tests / methods
  • Risk Factors