Expenditure on Heart Failure in the United States

Abstract

Background

With rising United States health care expenditure, estimating current spending for patients with heart failure (HF) informs the value of preventative health interventions.

Objectives

The purpose of this study was to estimate current health care expenditure growth for patients with HF in the United States.

Methods

The authors pooled MEPS (Medical Expenditure Panel Survey) data from 2009-2018 to calculate total HF-related expenditure across clinical settings in the United States. A 2-part model adjusted for demographics, comorbidities, and year was used to estimate annual mean and incremental expenditures associated with HF.

Results

In the United States, an average of $28,950 (2018 inflation-adjusted dollars) is spent per year for health care–related expenditure for individuals with HF compared with $5,727 for individuals without HF. After adjusting for demographics and comorbidities, a diagnosis of HF was associated with $3,594 in annual incremental expenditure compared with those without HF. HF-related expenditure increased from $26,864 annual per person in 2009-2010 to $32,955 in 2017-2018, representing a 23% rise over 10 years. In comparison, expenditure on myocardial infarction, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and cancer grew by 16%, 28%, and 16%, respectively. Most of the cost was related to hospitalization: $12,569 per year. Outpatient office-based care and prescription medications saw the greatest growth in cost over the period, 41% and 24%, respectively. Estimated incremental national expenditure for HF per year was $22.3 billion; total annual expenditure for adults with HF was $179.5 billion.

Conclusions

HF is a costly condition for which expenditure is growing faster than that of other chronic conditions.