Measures of social deprivation and outcomes after percutaneous coronary intervention

Background: Disparities in socioeconomic status are a frequently cited factor associated with worse cardiovascular outcomes. The social deprivation index (SDI) can be used to quantify socioeconomic resources at the population level.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the association of SDI with clinical outcomes following percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI).

Methods: This was a retrospective observational analysis of patients who underwent PCI and were included in a multicenter cardiac catheterization registry study. Baseline characteristics, congestive heart failure (CHF) readmission rates and survival were compared between patients with the highest and lower SDI. SDI was calculated based on the US community survey census tract-level data.

Results: Patients within the highest SDI quintile (n = 1843) had more comorbidities and a higher risk of death [hazard ratio (HR): 1.22 (95% confidence interval, CI: 1.1-1.39, p = 0.004); log rank: p = 0.009] and CHF readmission [HR: 1.56 (1.39-1.75, p < 0.001); log rank: p < 0.001) as compared with those in the lower quintiles (n = 10,201) during mean follow-up of 3 years. Increased risk of highest SDI for all-cause mortality and CHF remained significant after adjustment in multivariable analysis for factors associated with highest SDI.

Conclusions: Patients within the highest SDI quintile had a greater proportion of comorbidities as well as higher risk for adverse outcomes as compared with patients with a lower SDI following PCI.