High Plasma Levels of Soluble Lectin-like Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor-1 Are Associated With Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Risk Profiles in Pediatric Overweight and Obesity

J Am Heart Assoc. 2023 Feb 7;12(3):e8145. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.122.027042. Epub 2023 Jan 25.

Abstract

Background Lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) receptor-1 is a scavenger receptor for oxidized low-density lipoprotein. In adults, higher soluble lectin-like ox-LDL receptor-1 (sLOX-1) levels are associated with cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and obesity, but a similar link in pediatric overweight/obesity remains uncertain. Methods and Results Analyses were based on the cross-sectional HOLBAEK Study, including 4- to 19-year-olds from an obesity clinic group with body mass index >90th percentile (n=1815) and from a population-based group (n=2039). Fasting plasma levels of sLOX-1 and inflammatory markers were quantified, cardiometabolic risk profiles were assessed, and linear and logistic regression analyses were performed. Pubertal/postpubertal children and adolescents from the obesity clinic group exhibited higher sLOX-1 levels compared with the population (P<0.001). sLOX-1 positively associated with proinflammatory cytokines, matrix metalloproteinases, body mass index SD score, waist SD score, body fat %, plasma alanine aminotransferase, serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, plasma low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, systolic and diastolic blood pressure SD score, and inversely associated with plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (all P<0.05). sLOX-1 positively associated with high alanine aminotransferase (odds ratio [OR], 1.16, P=4.1 E-04), insulin resistance (OR, 1.16, P=8.6 E-04), dyslipidemia (OR, 1.25, P=1.8 E-07), and hypertension (OR, 1.12, P=0.02). Conclusions sLOX-1 levels were elevated during and after puberty in children and adolescents with overweight/obesity compared with population-based peers and associated with inflammatory markers and worsened cardiometabolic risk profiles. sLOX-1 may serve as an early marker of cardiometabolic risk and inflammation in pediatric overweight/obesity. Registration The HOLBAEK Study, formerly known as The Danish Childhood Obesity Biobank, ClinicalTrials.gov identifier number NCT00928473, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00928473 (registered June 2009).

Keywords: adolescent; child; obesity; overweight; soluble lectin‐like oxidized low‐density lipoprotein receptor‐1.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Alanine Transaminase
  • Biomarkers
  • Cardiovascular Diseases*
  • Child
  • Cholesterol
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2*
  • Humans
  • Inflammation / epidemiology
  • Lipoproteins, LDL
  • Overweight / epidemiology
  • Pediatric Obesity* / diagnosis
  • Pediatric Obesity* / epidemiology
  • Scavenger Receptors, Class E* / blood

Substances

  • Alanine Transaminase
  • Biomarkers
  • Cholesterol
  • Lipoproteins, LDL
  • Scavenger Receptors, Class E

Associated data

  • ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT00928473